Child will develop the ability to speak and/ or sign in increasingly complete, complex, precise, and varied ways.
What educators might observe
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Expresses an opinion or point of view on a story, referring to relevant examples or details
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Summarizes a text in a retelling
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Uses a wide range of vocabulary specific to academic subjects to explain what they learned in school
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Uses their knowledge of home language to find cognates in English
Child will develop their ability to listen and understand complete, complex, precise, and varied language.
What educators might observe
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Listens to peers and attends to conversational turns in a small group
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Attends during a presentation by a guest speaker who shares about a topic for a sustained period
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Shows refined understanding of social contexts and uses gestures or nonverbal behavior to respond to situations
Child uses language to relate to others according to the social expectations of their family, community, and culture.
What educators might observe
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Takes the perspective of another person in a group into account and modifies their language use or actions as needed
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Converses on a topic, maintaining attention to what the other person understands and sharing their own understanding
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Uses language to persuade and argue opinions and to understand and respond to another’s point of view
Child enjoys, attends to, understands, and makes meanings from spoken and written language of storytelling and books.
What educators might observe
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Reads all the books in a series
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Slows down when the text becomes more difficult to read
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Makes an argument with relevant details during a book discussion (e.g., uses information learned from watching a National Geographic television program to add to a discussion of a book)
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Reads a letter from a friend and responds to social questions
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Identifies an author’s purpose (e.g., “I think the author wanted to teach people not to be afraid to try new things. I’m going to go to try to do the monkey bars.”)
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Consults other books, maps, websites, hyperlinks, and photographs to enhance their reading
Child develops the ability to recognize and manipulate the different sounds in spoken language(s).
What educators might observe
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Asks about rhymes in languages other than their own (e.g., “What rhymes with Estrella?”)
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Repeats sophisticated tongue twisters, such as “Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers,”
Child uses materials and/ or language to make meaning for themselves and/or an audience.
What educators might observe
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Composes a letter to a friend that uses their home language variation
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Makes a case in a debate by stating an argument, investigates information, and includes reasons with relevant supporting details in writing
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Writes a version of a fairy tale with a character using a particular voice
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Seeks to master mature styles of composition (e.g., draws scenes for a comic book or graphic novel)
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Uses resources to enhance their compositions (e.g., uses a thesaurus to find a word with a particular nuance to express an emotion or idea)
Child views, creates, and makes meaning of visual communication and multimedia documentation, which includes drawings, collections, photographs, videos and displays.
What educators might observe
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Identifies visual communication that is misleading
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Takes into consideration the aesthetic aspects of images, audio, and video related to their social and cultural meanings for an intended audience
